Floristic Inventory, Composition, and Distribution of Angiosperms in Lianga, Surigao Del Sur, Caraga Region, Mindanao Island, Philippines

Angiosperms are vital for ecosystem services such as carbon storage, soil stabilization, and biodiversity maintenance. This study conducted a floristic inventory in Lianga, Surigao del Sur, to document local angiosperm diversity and support conservation planning. Using 20 m × 20 m quadrats replicated along 50–100 m transects, species were identified, counted, and photographed, with verification through scientific tools and expert consultation. Conservation status was assessed using the IUCN Red List. A total of 19 species from 11 families were recorded. The Shannon-Weiner Diversity Index (H’ = 2.241) reflected low diversity and uneven species distribution, indicating ecological vulnerability. This highlights the urgency of conservation actions to protect rare and less abundant species. The study provides baseline data for future research and conservation initiatives. Key recommendations include habitat restoration, promotion of native species, community involvement, and regular biodiversity monitoring to ensure long-term ecological stability.