Comparative Biomechanical Analysis of Three-Point Shooting Between Elite Iraqi Basketball Players and International Counterparts

Objective This study aimed to compare the biomechanics of three-point shooting between elite Iraqi basketball players and international players, in order to identify key biomechanical differences that may impact shooting performance.Methods A total of 80 male basketball players participated in the study (40 elite Iraqi players and 40 international elite players).Kinematic data were collected using advanced motion analysis systems, force plates, and high-speed video analysis.The measured variables included joint angles, angular velocity, release speed, ball release angle, and ground reaction forces during three-point shooting.Each player performed 20 consecutive shots under controlled conditions.Group comparisons were conducted using statistical analysis.Results Significant differences in biomechanical parameters were found between the groups.Iraqi players exhibited lower knee and hip angles at release, reduced shoulder angular velocity, and slower ball release speed.Consequently, their effective shooting percentage was notably lower (58.5%)compared to the international group (70.2%).Ground reaction forces were also reduced among the Iraqi players, indicating possible deficits in lower limb strength and power.Conclusion Biomechanical limitations in joint angles, release velocity, and ground reaction forces appear to contribute to the reduced shooting accuracy observed in Iraqi players.Targeted strength and conditioning programs, combined with biomechanical feedback technologies, are recommended to improve performance and reduce the gap between Iraqi and international players.