Knowledge, attitude and practice related to cervical cancer prevention among medical students in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study

Cervical cancer remains a substantial global health burden despite being preventable and treatable, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. In Bangladesh, cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women, with mortality rates surpassing the global average. Medical professionals play a vital role in prevention by encouraging HPV vaccination and screening. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding cervical cancer prevention among medical students in Bangladesh, to identify gaps and inform future interventions. A cross-sectional survey was conducted from September 2022 to March 2023 among 533 medical students who were interviewed with a pretested, structured electronic questionnaire distributed through social media platforms. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests. The questionnaire included items on knowledge of cervical cancer prevention, attitudes toward screening and vaccination, self-reported practices, and socioeconomic characteristics. Most of the study participants demonstrated moderate knowledge (78.2%) and positive attitudes (73.6%) toward cervical cancer prevention. However, practical engagement with preventive measures was notably low; none of the respondents had undergone a Pap smear, and only 11.23% had received the HPV vaccine. Female students had significantly higher knowledge and attitude scores compared to males. Gaps were found in awareness of risk factors, symptoms, and prevention methods. While medical students demonstrated moderate knowledge and positive attitudes, poor adoption of preventive practices highlights significant gaps. Strengthening educational initiatives, integrating relevant content into curricula, and improving access to vaccination and screening are essential to empower future healthcare providers in cervical cancer prevention.