The Importance of Prenatal and Postpartum Care in Addressing Depression in Women Treated in Primary Health Care in the Tocantina Region

Introduction: Perinatal depression significantly affects maternal and child health and is often underdiagnosed in primary care. Prenatal and postnatal follow-up is essential for early detection and appropriate intervention (BRASIL, 2022). In the Tocantina Region, understanding this relationship is crucial to promoting comprehensive women's care. Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the importance of prenatal and postnatal follow-up in identifying and preventing postpartum depression (PPD) in women assisted in Primary Health Care in the Tocantina region. Theoretical Framework: The research is based on studies of maternal mental health, highlighting the influence of psychosocial, economic factors, and professional support in the development of PPD. Method: This is a qualitative study involving the analysis of medical records and semi-structured interviews with postpartum women monitored in primary health care units in the Tocantina region. The sample consisted of 101 women in the prenatal and postpartum periods. Results and Discussion: The findings revealed that continuous follow-up during prenatal care and the puerperium enables early detection of depressive symptoms. The absence of qualified listening and a strong bond with the health team emerged as aggravating factors. Women with less social support and economic hardship were the most affected. Strengthening the bond between pregnant women and the health team had a positive impact on PPD prevention. Research Implications: The results reinforce the need to train primary care professionals to address mental health during the pregnancy-puerperal cycle, promoting more effective preventive strategies. Originality/Value: This research contributes to understanding the regional reality of maternal mental health in the Tocantina region and proposes specific actions to enhance prenatal and postnatal care within Primary Health Care.