Dynamics of arterial tension and dyslipidemia in young people. The role of treatment adherence

The purpose — to evaluate the impact of treatment adherence on blood pressure and lipid profile changes in young adults. Material and methods. 94 patients, including 45 males (47.9%) and 49 females (52.1%), with a median age of 33[28.7–38] years were prospectively studied for 18.6[17.4–20.1] months. Adherence was evaluated using the Questionnaire for Quantitative Assessment of Treatment Adherence (KOP-25) with lifestyle modifications (PM), drug therapy (PT), medical support (PS), and general treatment adherence (PL). Clinical examination, medical records review, and lipid profile analysis were performed. The following cardiometabolic risk factors were evaluated: blood pressure (BP) ≥ 130/85 mmHg, hypercholesterolemia (HCS), decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), hypertriglyceridemia (HTG), and non-HDL cholesterol. Lipitension was defined as a combination of elevated BP and any dyslipidemia. Results. At baseline, 22.3% of patients had elevated BP, 7.4% hypertension, 73.4% dyslipidemia, and 16% lipitension. During follow-up, significant reductions in the prevalence of elevated BP, elevated LDL-C, and elevated non-HDL-C were observed. The average systolic BP increased in individuals with low general treatment adherence (GA), low/moderate lifestyle modification (LM) adherence, low pharmacotherapy (PT) adherence, and low and moderate medical support (MS). Mean HDL-C levels increased in participants with low PT adherence and low/moderate MS. Individuals with low/moderate GA had higher odds of BP ≥ 130/85 mmHg, diastolic BP ≥ 85 mmHg, lipitension, and hypertriglyceridemia compared to those with high GA. Conclusion. Low adherence levels were associated with increased systolic BP and non-HDL-C. Young individuals with low adherence had higher odds of elevated BP and lipitension compared to those with high adherence.