Role and Challenges of Adoptive Cell Therapy Based on Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Triple-negative Breast Cancer

Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) based on tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) is a key branch of tumor immunotherapy. Currently, it has been very effective in the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and has also shown great potential in the diagnosis and treatment of other solid tumors. This article focuses on the application of this therapy in the diagnosis and treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). In the diagnosis and treatment of TNBC, there is a problem of immune escape of tumor cells caused by TEX, which seriously affects the treatment effect and requires in-depth analysis. At the same time, TILs in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) are related to the direction of treatment. This article takes the immune escape mechanism of T cell exhaustion (TEX) as an entry point to analyze the clinical progress and challenges of TILs-based ACT in the diagnosis and treatment of TNBC, which is of great significance. The research results found that ACT based on TILs has shown the potential to significantly improve TIME and enhance immune function in the treatment of TNBC, find a way to optimize the TNBC diagnosis and treatment plan, cleverly integrate ACT with traditional diagnosis and treatment methods, and enhance the effectiveness and safety of the diagnosis and treatment plan.