Social Health Insurance in Economic Review: A Comparative Study between Western and Islamic Principles

Ideally, social health insurance systems are designed to ensure universal access to healthcare services, uphold justice, and protect the most vulnerable groups. However, in reality, many systems face challenges related to sustainability, inclusivity, and ethical alignment, which hinder the full achievement of their original objectives. This study aims to analyze the concept of social health insurance through a comparison between Western and Islamic perspectives, focusing on the principles of justice, equality, and social welfare. This article is classified as a literature-based study using a qualitative approach. The methodology employed is a comparative study with descriptive-analytical explanations. The findings reveal that social health insurance plays a crucial role in ensuring equitable access to healthcare, reducing the financial burden, and maintaining social stability. The comparative analysis indicates that Islamic principles excel in ethics, solidarity, and community engagement, while Western principles stand out for funding stability and structured legal frameworks. Integrating both approaches could produce a system that is financially sustainable while remaining aligned with the moral and cultural values of society.