Motivators, hygiene factors, and ethical considerations in job satisfaction: A study of Malaysian engineers post-pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic crisis impacted the global economy, forcing companies to adapt to the 'new normal' in their operation. Employee job satisfaction and well-being are affected by the pandemic. Using the Herzberg's motivation-hygiene theory, this study examines job satisfaction in the engineering industry post-COVID-19 pandemic. A survey of 220 employees from Malaysian engineering companies was analysed using the partial least squares approach. Our results show motivator factors (such as achievement, advancement, nature of work, and recognition) positively influenced job satisfaction. Salary was the only hygiene factor with a significant effect. The practical implications of our results emphasize the importance of fostering a supportive work environment to enhance employee satisfaction. Factors like advancement, company policies, work security, and conditions exhibited insignificant impact. These insights address the engineering industry's challenges post-COVID-19 pandemic and provide recommendations to enhance job motivation and satisfaction.