Patient knowledge and misconceptions about total knee arthroplasty: A cross-sectional study in Saudi Arabia

ABSTRACT Background: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a major cause of disability globally, affecting over 40% of individuals aged 60 or older. Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an effective treatment for advanced OA, yet many patients lack sufficient knowledge about the procedure, particularly in the Middle East. Misconceptions, often fueled by social media, can lead to unmet expectations and dissatisfaction. Aim: To assess knowledge and perceptions about TKA among adults in Saudi Arabia, identify prevalent misconceptions, and evaluate the influence of social media on attitudes and decision-making. Settings and Design: This cross-sectional study was conducted from January to July 2024 among adults in Saudi Arabia using online surveys. Methodology: The study included 874 respondents selected through convenience sampling. A structured questionnaire, piloted for clarity and adjusted based on feedback, collected data on sociodemographic characteristics, TKA knowledge, perceptions, and misconceptions. Questionnaires were distributed through WhatsApp, X, and Telegram. Statistical Analysis: Counts and frequencies were summarized as categorical variables, with outliers and incomplete entries removed during data cleaning. Chi-square tests were performed to assess statistical significance, with a P < 0.05 considered significant. Data were analyzed in SPSS Version 27. Results: Most participants demonstrated high awareness of primary OA symptoms and noninvasive treatments such as physical therapy (85.35%). However, misconceptions about TKA were common, including false beliefs about artificial joints and stem cell injections. Social media influenced perceptions and treatment decisions for 46% of respondents. Conclusions: Although there is substantial awareness of OA and TKA benefits, significant misconceptions persist, particularly regarding surgical risks. Social media plays a key role in spreading misinformation. Healthcare providers should actively engage in public education, especially on digital platforms, to address misconceptions and promote informed decision-making about TKA.