ARCADIA fully depleted CMOS MAPS development with LFoundry 110 nm CIS
Fully depleted CMOS sensors represent a significant step forward in radiation detection, combining the advantages of monolithic active pixel sensors with the enhanced signal collection efficiency of depleted bulk materials. The ARCADIA Collaboration established a technology platform for the development and production of deep sub-micron fully depleted CMOS monolithic sensors with excellent collection efficiency, advancing this semiconductor detector technology with IP cores, ASICs, and back-end dedicated acquisition systems. The sensor technology was demonstrated on system-ready full chip monolithic active pixel sensors with high rate capability and very low power for the detection of charged particles and photons. Innovative CMOS monolithic LGADs featuring a shallow gain layer and implementing a low-gain avalanche diode were developed for time-of-flight detectors, while other prototype ASICs have implemented multi-threshold photon-counting architectures for X-ray imaging. The implementation of fully depleted monolithic strip sensors with embedded electronics and low power density makes the proposed approach a good candidate for future detectors in space applications. The ARCADIA technology will find applications in medical instruments, nuclear imaging and dosimetry, frontier detectors for experimental high energy, and astroparticle physics. This review details the main development achievements by describing the technology demonstrators fabricated and tested and provides a detailed overview of the characteristics and architecture of the ARCADIA-MD3 full-chip monolithic active pixel sensor.
Authors
- G. Ambrosi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6977-9559)
- L. Pancheri (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3954-7308)
- Lodovico Ratti (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1906-1076)
- C. Neubüser (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2008-8404)
- P. Giubilato (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4358-5355)
- G. Balbi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6784-3385)
- S. Mattiazzo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8255-3474)
- R. Santoro (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4360-4600)
- Thomas Corradino (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0236-6834)
- M. Rolo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8518-3755)
- S. Garbolino (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5604-1395)
- Davide Chiappara (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4783-0760)
- M. Caccia (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9499-678X)
- Stefano Durando
- T. Croci (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5246-0269)
- M. Ricci (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6816-4894)
- G. Traversi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3977-6976)
- J. Wyss (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8277-4012)
- M. Mandurrino (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3726-5606)
- M. Pezzoli
- R. Iuppa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5038-2762)
- D. Pantano
- A. Gabrielli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5346-7841)
- A. Paternò (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2263-8932)
- Attilio Andreazza
- Davide Falchieri
- Angelo Rivetti
- F. Alfonsi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0966-0211)
- Pisana Placidi
Institutions
- University of Insubria (IT)
- University of Padua (IT)
- Università degli studi di Cassino e del Lazio Meridionale (IT)
- University of Trento (IT)
- University of Pavia (IT)
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics And Applications (IT)
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino (IT)
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova (IT)
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pavia (IT)
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Milano (IT)
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna (IT)
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia (IT)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Frontiers in Sensors
- Published
- 2025-08-11
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fsens.2025.1603755
- Citations
- 2
- Primary Topic
- Particle Detector Development and Performance
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 3.74
Funders
- Arcadia Fund
- Commissione Scientifica Nazionale 5, Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare