Isolation of Genomic DNA From Six Species of Phlogacanthus Nees by Standardized CTAB Method

The Phlogacanthus Nees is an ethnomedicinal genus native to North-East India, rich in numerous phytochemical compounds that are pharmacologically significant. Plants from this genus have been used in traditional and herbal medicine. The CTAB extraction method has been employed for the preliminary molecular investigation, specifically for DNA isolation, as the first step towards advanced molecular studies. Total genomic DNA extraction and quantification were carried out in six species of Phlogacanthus Nees, namely Phlogacanthus thyrsiflorus Nees, Phlogacanthus scurviflorus (Wall.) Nees, Phlogacanthus jenkinsii C.B. Clarke, Phlogacanthus quadrangularis (Hook.) Heine, Phlogacanthus guttatus Nees, and Phlogacanthus parviflorus T. Anderson. The CTAB protocol, standardised for this genus, yielded a high quantity of DNA with better concentration and a purity ratio between 1.8 and 2.2, compared to the original standard protocol from fresh leaf tissue. The original protocol produced up to 220 ng/μl, while the kit protocol gave up to 600 ng/μl of DNA concentration. Therefore, the standardised CTAB protocol proved to be the most suitable method for rapid and efficient DNA extraction from the fresh leaf tissue of Phlogacanthus Nees, yielding between 100 and 1500 ng/μl of DNA—substantially higher than the other two protocols. In conclusion, the standardisation of the protocol results in high-quality, concentrated DNA, which is valuable for further molecular biological applications.