Comparative Analysis of Newer Oral Anticoagulants in the Management of Coronary Artery Disease: Safety and Efficacy in an Intensive Care Setting

Background: Thrombotic events, bleeding complications, hypersensitivity reactions, and treatment compliance provide valuable insights for improving patients' access to anticoagulation guidelines and advancing patient-centred approaches in the care of individuals with thrombotic disorders. Aim: This study evaluated Warfarin, Apixaban, and Dabigatran for their clinical efficacy, safety, and patient satisfaction in the treatment of long-term anticoagulated patients. Methods: A randomised study design comparing three patient groups was conducted. Mean values and frequencies were reported using descriptive statistics, and significant differences between the groups were determined using inferential statistics, namely ANOVA and Chi-square tests. Results: Warfarin was superior to Apixaban and Dabigatran in terms of bleeding risk but was inferior in patient compliance. It was less preferred due to an increased risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, venous thromboembolism, death, recovery, decompensation, and falls. Improvement in patient coagulation markers was also observed in the laboratory with Apixaban or Dabigatran. This confirmed the safety profile of the Apixaban group, which had the lowest hypersensitivity reactions and dropout rates. Thus, the study confirmed the hypothesis that DOACs are safer and more satisfactory for patients than Warfarin, supporting clinical preference for these newer agents. Conclusion: The results highlight the need for individualised strategies in anticoagulation to achieve optimal outcomes. The findings suggest that Apixaban and Dabigatran may be preferred oral options in long-term anticoagulation settings due to their improved safety, better patient compliance, and more favourable clinical outcomes.