Balkánské pravoslaví a etnofiletismus: minulost a současnost

The paper deals with ethnophiletism – a significant "heresy" within Orthodoxy, privileging one's own nation or language in church practice. Ethnophiletism played a role in the national revival of the Balkan nations (Greek fanariot efforts to control church structures in the 18th century, Bulgarian efforts to create their own church organization, etc.), but it is dangerous all the time. It is most visible today in some of the countries created by the break-up of Yugoslavia (Serbia, Montenegro, Macedonia). The author introduces the ethnophilic practice of the Orthodox Church hierarchy in the present day, points out its dangers, and shows some typical elements of ethnophilicism which contributed to the uncontrolled expression of nationalism in the 1980s and 1990s and which persist to the present day.