Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Association with Disease Severity in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a systemic inflammatory disease frequently associated with comorbidities like Metabolic Syndrome (MS), which may worsen clinical outcomes. Aim: To determine prevalence of MS in COPD patients and its association with severity of Airflow obstruction. Objective: To determine the prevalence of MS in COPD patients and assess its relationship with disease severity based on GOLD spirometric classification. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 spirometry-confirmed COPD patients at a teritiary care centre in a semi urban area, from September 2023 to February 2024. MS was diagnosed using modified NCEP ATP III criteria. Demographic, clinical, and biochemical profiles were collected and analyzed. Results: MS was present in 48% of patients, with significantly higher prevalence in females (62.5%) than males (41.1%). Most MS patients belonged to GOLD stage II. Though FEV? was slightly higher in MS patients, the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Metabolic Syndrome is prevalent among COPD patients, especially in women and those with moderate disease. Routine screening and early intervention may improve outcomes.