Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Farming: A Sustainable Model for Agro Ecology, Livelihoods and Innovation

Medicinal and Aromatic Plant (MAP) farming has emerged as a transformative approach within sustainable agriculture, combining biodiversity conservation with rural income generation. This article explores the historical development, farming methodologies, ecological integration, economic viability, and technological innovations driving MAP cultivation in India and globally. Emphasis is placed on agroforestry models, organic practices, and biotechnological advancements such as micropropagation and metabolite enhancement. The study concludes that MAP farming offers a synergistic solution to climate-resilient agriculture, rural livelihood enhancement, and global herbal product demand provided market linkages and policy support mechanisms are strengthened.