Evaluation of Serum Potassium and Blood Sugar Changes Following Nebulized Levosalbutamol in Pediatric Patients

Objective: Levosalbutamol is widely used in pediatric patients for the management of bronchospasm. However, its systemic effects on serum potassium and blood sugar levels remain a concern. This study aims to evaluate the effect of nebulized levosalbutamol on serum potassium and blood sugar level in children between 1 year and 12 years of age. Method: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted from May 2023 to November 2024 at Sharda Hospital, including 64 patients receiving Levosalbutamol nebulisation at 0,20,40 minutes in IPD. Serum potassium and blood glucose levels were measured before and after nebulization. Data was collected using a study proforma to record pertinent information including serum potassium levels, blood sugar levels and heart rate. Other factors that were observed included age, gender and type of respiratory illnesses. The statistical significance of changes was analyzed using paired t-tests, with p values ≤ 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: A significant decrease in serum potassium levels was observed post-nebulization (p < 0.05), along with a concurrent increase in blood glucose levels (p < 0.05). These metabolic changes were more pronounced in younger children and those receiving multiple doses. Conclusion: Nebulized levosalbutamol induces significant hypokalemia and hyperglycemia in pediatric patients. Clinicians should monitor these parameters, particularly in patients at risk for electrolyte imbalances or glucose metabolism disorders.