Overcoming blue light vulnerability of quantum dot: developments and challenges

Colloidal quantum dots (QDs) are widely used in the display field due to their excellent optoelectronic properties such as easy tuning of the light-emitting wavelength, narrow emission, and high efficiency. However, the blue-light vulnerability limited their application in full-color display usage. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the development and challenges in blue QLEDs. The study focuses on materials as well as hybrid approaches combining QLED with Micro-LED and OLED technologies. Furthermore, various synthesis methods were also mentioned, including hot injection, non-injection, and microwave-assisted techniques, and their impact on quantum dot properties. It analyzes the performance metrics of different blue QLED materials, such as EQE, Lmax, and operational lifetime. The key challenges were identified include size control for blue emission, surface defects, charge imbalance, and stability issues. The study also explores strategies to overcome these challenges, such as core-shell structure engineering, surface passivation, and device architecture optimization. Finally, the paper concludes by comparing the advantages and disadvantages of different approaches in terms of efficiency, reliability, and scalability for production. It highlights the potential of hybrid technologies and suggests future research directions to advance blue QLED technology for display applications.