PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION IN IRAN'S HEALTHCARE PROJECTS: EXAMINING, PRIORITIZING, AND EXPLAINING THE CRITIC MODEL

infrastructural challenges posed by rapid urbanization, with a particular focus on the healthcare sector.Urban expansion has introduced complex demands that traditional government-led financing mechanisms-such as tax-based funding-can no longer fully support.Modern infrastructure development, ranging from intra-city and inter-city roads to information technology systems, must be inclusive and stakeholder-centred to be effective.Historically, infrastructure projects have been predominantly managed by the public sector due to their high costs, long investment return periods, and regulatory constraints discouraging private participation.However, the increasing inefficiencies of public-only approaches have underscored the need for private sector involvement.Leveraging the private sector's technical expertise, financial strength, and project management capabilities has become essential for timely and efficient infrastructure delivery.This research draws insights from international experiences, particularly from countries like Turkey, to highlight how collaborative PPP frameworks can bridge infrastructure gaps.The findings offer practical implications for policymakers seeking sustainable and efficient urban development strategies.Implementing well-structured partnerships can help cities meet contemporary infrastructure needs while promoting economic resilience and social well-being.