The Chemotherapy Medication of Evodia lepta (Spreng). Merr. on the Viability of Tongue Cancer Cells Through the PD-L1/MMP14/HSPA5 Pathway

<i>E. lepta</i> selectively induces ferroptosis through GPX4 and HSPA5 downregulation, demonstrating multi-target effects including proteostasis disruption (ADRM1), metastasis inhibition (MMP14), and immune evasion suppression (PD-L1). Its GPX4 suppression contrasts with cisplatin's upregulation, suggesting utility in cisplatin-resistant OTSCC. PD-L1 reduction implies immunotherapeutic potential, meriting further study.