Microwave engineering of tunable spin interactions with superconducting qubits
Quantum simulation has emerged as a powerful framework for investigating complex many-body phenomena. A key requirement for emulating these dynamics is the realization of fully controllable quantum systems enabling various spin interactions. Yet, quantum simulators remain constrained in the types of attainable interactions. Here we demonstrate experimental realization of multiple microwave-engineered spin interactions in superconducting quantum circuits. By precisely controlling the native XY interaction and microwave drives, we achieve tunable spin Hamiltonians, including (i) XYZ spin models with continuously adjustable parameters, (ii) transverse-field Ising models, and (iii) Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interacting systems. Our work expands the toolbox for analog-digital quantum simulation, paving the way for exploring a wide range of exotic quantum spin models.
Authors
- Tian-Ming Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8697-1630)
- Ziting Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5248-9077)
- Zhongcheng Xiang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0734-1217)
- Yun‐Hao Shi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1130-4280)
- Yueshan Xu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7461-9813)
- Cai-Ping Fang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6029-4335)
- Xiaohui Song (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5521-9761)
- Hao-Tian Liu
- Wei-Guo Ma
- Kai Xu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7776-2455)
- Gui-Han Liang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0151-8154)
- L. M. Zhang
- Hao Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9294-9103)
- Zhenan Bao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0972-1715)
- Yu Liu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4223-1839)
- Yang He (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9009-937X)
- Kaixuan Huang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8845-2770)
- Dongning Zheng (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5895-0111)
- Heng Fan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5328-2449)
- Yong-Xi Xiao
- Si-Yun Zhou (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6129-6191)
- Jiacheng Song (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3576-9605)
- Cheng-Lin Deng (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2819-6533)
- B. Chen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5699-9724)
- Kui Zhao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9908-8974)
- Jiachi Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9887-7032)
- Zheng-He Liu
Institutions
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- Hefei University (CN)
- Physical Sciences (United States) (US)
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory (CN)
- FZU ‒ Institute of Physics of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (CZ)
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences (CN)
- Institute of Physics (CN)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Applied Physics Letters
- Published
- 2025-08-11
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0281890
- Citations
- 1
- Primary Topic
- Quantum and electron transport phenomena
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 1.25
Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation
- Beijing Nova Program