Regional Differences in STEM Interest among Primary School Students in Croatia

The aim of this study was to examine the level of interest in STEM fields among primary school students across different Croatian counties and to determine whether significant regional and gender differences exist. The research included 289 students from 8 counties, and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and cluster analysis. The results revealed statistically significant differences in STEM interest between counties, with Karlovac County showing the highest average interest, while Sisak-Moslavina and Međimurje Counties recorded the lowest values. Gender differences were not statistically significant, although a tendency toward higher interest among girls was observed. Cluster analysis enabled the grouping of counties based on STEM interest levels, providing a foundation for the development of targeted educational strategies. The findings were compared with relevant literature, which confirms the importance of local context, teacher support, and access to educational resources in shaping STEM motivation. In conclusion, the study highlights the need for regionally tailored approaches to promoting STEM education, with an emphasis on inclusivity, accessibility, and the quality of teaching content.