Genetic profiling system optimization for Ricinus communis L. using microsatellite markers

Abstract The objective of this study was to assess the genetic diversity of Ricinus communis L., a species with a mixed mating system that requires optimized molecular markers for accurate characterization, within the set of 108 castor genotypes using 20 SSR primers. A total of 59 alleles were identified, averaging 3.7 per locus. Observed heterozygosity (0.169) was lower than expected (0.400), suggesting an excess of homozygotes due to selection or inbreeding. Shannon’s diversity index ranged from 0.397 to 1.176, averaging 0.674. The polymorphism information content values varied from 0.045 to 0.628, indicating moderate to high marker informativeness. Markers Rc05, Rc85A, Rc85B, and Rc251 were the most informative, allowing genotype discrimination and paternity testing (> 90%). These SSR markers proved efficient for the genetic characterization of R. communis and can support breeding programs. Future studies should focus on refining marker selection for better discrimination and genetic diversity conservation.