Development of Bio-Metallic Implants Coated with Biopolymer for Composite Coating

Abstract To enhance implants' biocompatibility, bone integration, and corrosion resistance, this research aims to coat a stainless steel 316L substrate with a bio-composite composed of chitosan (Chi) and polycaprolactone (PCL) polymers, strengthened by pumpkin and hydroxyapatite (HA). Surface characteristics were examined using SEM, FTIR, hardness, surface roughness, wettability behavior, and antimicrobial activity. Based on the test results, the (CHI-PCL-HA-Pumpkin) coating showed the best bacterial resistance against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the highest hardness and surface roughness. SEM results demonstrated a uniform structure, a good border of reinforcement with the matrix, and coating layers free of cracks. The incorporation of nanoparticles gave the coating its high wettability. The blended matrix's superior hydrophilia and reinforced particles gave coatings containing CHI, PCL, HA, or Pumpkin exceptional wettability. The FTIR data demonstrated the apparent affinity between the matrix and nanoparticles with no noticeable wavelength changes. These results highlight the intriguing possibilities of biofilm coatings for use in orthopedics and hold promise for advancing biomedical engineering.