Condensed-layer-free MoS₂ nanoflakes synthesized by hydrothermal: a morphology, structure and optic-driven route toward electrochemical application

Abstract We report on the synthesis of MoS 2 nanoflakes by the hydrothermal method. The condensed 2H-MoS 2 phase layer beneath the nanoflakes formed at temperatures ranging from 180 to 270 °C, with an average thickness of 7.46 to 10.55 nm. The morphological, structural, and optical characteristics of MoS 2 nanoflakes depend on the synthesis temperature, and the compound exhibits an indirect (direct) band gap semiconductor behavior. Based on these findings, we investigated the potential applications of MoS 2 nanoflakes in electrochemical water-splitting, utilising a 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 electrolyte. The MoS 2 nanoflake electrodes exhibited a high current density of 85 mA cm −2 at –770 mV (versus RHE ), η 10 = 254 mV, a low Tafel slope of 57 mV dec −1 . This approach may be suitable for morphology, structure, and optic-driven strategies in designing efficient MoS 2 -based electrocatalysts.