Facilitators and Barriers That Influence the Persistence of American Indians in Athletic Training Education Programs

Context A small body of researchers has found that recruitment and retention in athletic training programs (ATPs) is influenced by experiences of authentic learning practices, a network of support, racism, and sexism. However, no known researchers have explored the experiences of American Indian and Alaska Natives (AIANs) who have become athletic trainers (ATs). A more comprehensive understanding of facilitators and barriers that influence the persistence of AIANs in ATPs will support institutions to better understand values, concerns, and factors to address diversity, equity, and inclusion for AIAN students. Objective The aim of this qualitative research is to explore barriers and facilitators that influence the persistence of AIANs in ATPs. Design Qualitative study. Setting Individual video conference interviews. Patients or Other Participants Nine (6 women, 3 men) certified ATs who self-identify as AI. Data Collection and Analysis We conducted semistructured interviews (n = 9) with each participant. After virtual interviews, data were transcribed, analyzed, and coded to common themes and clusters, following the method of thematic analysis. Results Barriers that negatively affect the persistence of AIs in ATPs include (1) lack of support in the ATPs, (2) program homogeneity (lack of diversity), and (3) cultural insensitivity. Facilitators from the inductive-content analysis include (1) self-efficacy, (2) support network, (3) service, and (4) ceremony and faith. Conclusion Identifying the factors that influence the persistence of AIANs in ATPs enables athletic training educators and preceptors to enhance the educational experience and increase recruitment of AIAN students. These efforts may promote a representative study body reflective of the patients served.