Parameters for Assessing the Reuse of Treated Wastewater in Agriculture: a Systematic Literature Review (2020–2024)

Objective: This study aims to determine the main parameters used in research on the reuse of treated wastewater in agriculture, with the aim of contributing to the consolidation of the practice as a sustainable alternative that can be used to mitigate low water availability. Theoretical Framework: The definitions of agricultural reuse, integrated water management, and sustainability, taking into account the guidelines established by international institutions such as the WHO and the EPA (USA), as well as exploring the regulatory gaps that hinder the widespread dissemination of the practice in a safe and effective manner. Method: A systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted internationally, targeting articles published between 2020 and 2024, retrieved through the Web of Science and Scopus databases, applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. Furthermore, data extraction was performed systematically, according to the PRISMA protocol. Results and Discussion: During the study, 17 articles were selected, all of which indicated common physical, chemical, and microbiological parameters for evaluating agricultural reuse, namely: E. coli, BOD, COD, nitrogen, and total phosphorus. Furthermore, the results highlight a variety of wastewater treatment technologies applied worldwide, as well as a lack of methodological standardization. Research Implications: Upon completion of the scientific investigation, it is clear the importance of clear public policies, but also the need for a national regulatory framework focused on reuse, which establishes objective guidelines for safe and sustainable agricultural reuse, integrating agronomic, sanitary, and environmental aspects. Originality/Value: It contributes to systematizing the technical assessment of agricultural reuse, addressing existing gaps, with the aim of promoting an effective path for the advancement of this practice in Brazil, which is fully aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) established by the UN.