Effect of the Addition of B4c on the Properties of the Sintered Composite Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn-Wc Applied in Ornamental Rock Cutting Tools: Macroscopic and Microscopic Characterizations

Objective: The objective of this study is to develop and analyze an Fe-Cu-Ni-Sn-WC-based metallic matrix with different additions of Boron Carbide (B4C), aiming at its application in the production of beads for diamond wires used in cutting ornamental stones. Theoretical Framework: The research is grounded in the field of powder metallurgy and composite materials, focusing on the effects of ceramic reinforcements such as B4C in metallic matrices. Theories on particle dispersion, interfacial bonding, and sintering behavior provide the basis for understanding the interactions between the metallic base and ceramic phases. Method: Five different compositions were prepared with B4C content of 2%, 4%, 5%, 8%, and 10%. The samples were produced by hot pressing at 800 °C and 34 MPa, resulting in rectangular segments. Characterizations were performed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Confocal Microscopy to evaluate microstructural features and surface topography. SEM was used to investigate particle distribution, morphology, and interface quality, while confocal microscopy assessed surface roughness and uniformity. Results and Discussion: The SEM analysis revealed variations in B4C dispersion and agglomeration across the samples, along with differences in interface quality and porosity. Confocal microscopy allowed the observation of surface irregularities, providing important insights into roughness patterns influenced by the B4C content. Research Implications: The findings contribute to improving the design and manufacturing of cutting tool components by identifying optimal B4C concentrations for better microstructural homogeneity and surface characteristics. These insights are relevant to the ornamental stone processing sector and advanced composite development. Originality/Value: This study presents a novel approach to optimizing metallic matrices for diamond tools using varying B4C content. The combined use of SEM and confocal microscopy provides a comprehensive evaluation of microstructure and surface properties, adding value to the field of powder metallurgy and materials engineering.