Novel Dual-Band 60 GHz and 52 GHz Inset-Fed Rectangular Patch Antenna for V-Band 5G Communication Systems

This study introduces a novel compact microstrip patch antenna specifically designed for dual-band operation at 52 GHz and 60 GHz within the V-band spectrum, a frequency range critical for next-generation millimeter-wave communication systems. The antenna incorporates rectangular slots, parasitic elements, and an optimized ground plane configuration to achieve optimal performance across both bands. The substrate is composed of Rogers RT5880, measuring <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathbf{6.2} \times \mathbf{7.4}\times \mathbf{1}\ \mathbf{mm}^{3}$</tex>, with a relative permittivity of 2.2 and an exceptionally low loss tangent (Tan <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\boldsymbol{\delta}$</tex>) of 0.0009. The patch, sized at <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathbf{3.5}\times \mathbf{2.5}\ \mathbf{mm}^{2}$</tex>, features a rectangular slot with an embedded parasitic rectangular structure to enhance its performance. At its primary resonance of 60.09 GHz, the antenna achieves a reflection coefficient of −40.15 dB, ensuring excellent impedance matching. Additionally, it operates efficiently as a dual-band antenna, with a secondary resonance at 52.48 GHz, where a return loss of −23.69 dB is recorded. With a compact footprint of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathbf{45.88}\ \mathbf{mm}^{2}$</tex>, the antenna covers bandwidths of 59.43-60.55 GHz and 52.51-52.98 GHz, making it highly suitable for high-frequency applications. At 60.09 GHz, it maintains a low VSWR of 1.02. The impedance characteristics further validate its performance, showing a real part of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathbf{44.01\Omega}$</tex> and reactance of - <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathbf{1.35\Omega}$</tex> at 53.48 GHz, along with a real part of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathbf{50.74\Omega}$</tex> and reactance of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathbf{0.62\Omega}$</tex> at 60.09 GHz. A step-by-step analysis of the antenna's design evolution is provided, highlighting the impact of structural modifications on its performance. Comprehensive electromagnetic simulations were conducted using Ansys HFSS to evaluate key parameters such as radiation patterns in the E-H planes, VSWR, and impedance. The results underscore the novelty of this dual-band antenna, as it effectively operates at both 52 GHz and 60 GHz within the V-band, a unique and valuable capability for modern mmWave communication systems.