Comprehensive Modelling and Simulation of Bidirectional Charging Systems for Electric Vehicle Grid Integration and Energy Optimization

The paper explores the design, simulation, and performance analysis of a bidirectional charger for electric vehicles (EVs). A bidirectional charger enables the flow of energy in both directions: from the grid to the vehicle's battery (Grid-to-Vehicle, G2V) and from the vehicle's battery back to the grid (Vehicle-to-Grid, V2G). A bidirectional charger is essential for enhancing the efficiency of electric vehicle (EV) charging and supporting grid stability. By enabling energy flow in both directions, it allows vehicles to not only charge from the grid (G2V) but also supply excess energy back to the grid (V2G), promoting energy storage and balancing. This capability is crucial for integrating renewable energy sources and optimizing the overall energy ecosystem, contributing to a more sustainable and resilient grid infrastructure. This study presents a detailed MATLAB Simulink model that simulates the operational processes of both G2V and V2G modes, with a focus on key components such as front-end converters, buck-boost converters, and the control systems. Through waveform analysis, the system's performance is assessed, demonstrating its potential to enhance grid stability, facilitate energy storage, and integrate renewable energy sources. The findings highlight the bidirectional charger's capability to improve the efficiency of energy exchange between the grid and electric vehicles, offering significant benefits for sustainable energy systems and grid resilience.