Personal Information Security Risks of Generative Artificial Intelligence and the Path to Criminal Law Improvement

With the further advancement of generative artificial intelligence technology, various generated products such as text, images, and videos pose diverse risks and challenges to citizens' personal information security. Currently, at the criminal law level, illegal acquisition and disclosure of citizens' personal information by generative artificial intelligence can only be punished as the crime of infringing upon citizens' personal information. However, there are still many loopholes in the criminal law's regulation of such crimes, including chaotic criminal liability systems, excessive use of publicly available personal information beyond reasonable scope, and insufficient protection of biometric information. These issues urgently require criminal law to respond one by one. In order to better apply generative artificial intelligence to human life and safeguard citizens' information security rights, criminal law must promptly make adjustments at both the legislative and judicial levels, timely modify the types of criminal acts, adjust the liability principles for generative artificial intelligence crimes, strengthen the protection of publicly available personal information and biometric information, and build an integrated governance model of administrative and criminal law to promote the unlimited development of the future artificial intelligence industry.