Dual-Band Antenna-in-Package Design Based on High-Resistivity Silicon Substrate for Automotive Radar Applications

This paper proposed a novel and compact topology of integrating a 77 GHz CPW-fed patch antenna and a <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$240 \text{GHz} 2 \times 2$</tex> microstrip grid array antenna (GAA) with shared-aperture on high-resistivity silicon (HRSi) substrate for automotive radar applications. It should be mentioned that the proposed antenna meets the new requirements of in-vehicle and outside-vehicle sensors, simultaneously. The simulated impedance bandwidth of the 77 GHz CPW-fed patch antenna is <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$8.6 \%(75.2-81.8 \text{GHz})$</tex>, with a maximum realized gain 3.9 dBi. The simulation results of the 240 GHz GAA show that it has an impedance bandwidth of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$241.4-247.9 \text{GHz}$</tex>, a maximum realized gain of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$7.9 \text{d B i}$</tex>, with sidelobe level of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\text{- 1 5. 0 ~ d B}$</tex> at E-plane and <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\text{- 1 6. 9 ~ d B}$</tex> at H-plane in <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\text{2 4 5 ~ G H z}$</tex>.