Millimeter Wave All-Metal Leaky-Wave Antenna with Wide-Angle Beam Scanning Range

In this paper, a millimeter wave (mmWave) all-metal leaky-wave antenna (LWA) with wide-angle beam scanning range is proposed. The antenna utilizes a spoof surface plasmon polariton waveguide (SSPP-WG) as the transmission line. In contrast to the traditional rectangular waveguide (RWG), the introduction of SSPP-WG enhances the frequency scanning capability. To suppress the open-stopband (OSB) effect and obtain continuous scanning from forward to backward, magneto-electric dipoles (ME-dipoles) are tailored as radiators. Simulated results demonstrate that the proposed LWA achieves good impedance matching and efficient radiation within the <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">${2 3. 4 - 3 3. 4\ \text{GHz}}$</tex> bandwidth. The beam scanning range covers from <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$-66^{\circ}$</tex> to 16°. Within the operating band, the peak gain is about 16.6 dBi, and the total efficiency is above <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">${8 2 \%}$</tex>.