Switching mobile learning on in Pakistan: Students’ experiences and perceptions of mobile learning activities and applications

Abstract This study was conducted to explore education delivery formats aligned with Pakistan’s Vision 2030 for education. Data were obtained from focus group discussions conducted with 31 students (10 female, 21 male) from three mainstream Pakistani universities. Qualitative data were analysed thematically. The authors’ findings show that students were excited about the flexibility offered by mobile learning and the opportunity to collaborate with peers and teachers from home and other locations at various times. However, they also reported a number of challenges, such as cost, a lack of awareness, and universities’ failure to invest in mobile learning course design. The study’s findings and implications for practice are presented in order to help facilitate the implementation of mobile learning in developing countries, both in higher education and in other sectors, such as training, workplace learning and educational outreach to serve remote and disadvantaged communities (e.g. out-of-school children).