High-Gain Patch Fed and Stacked Patches Dielectric Resonator Antenna Hybrid Design for Satellite Communication

This research introduced a hybrid arrowshaped patch-fed and stacked patches dielectric resonance antenna (DRA) design for high-frequency satellite communication. The proposed antenna structure provided a stable directional radiation pattern, wideband, circular polarization (CP), and high gain in a compact efficient design. The design method started with the modeling of a circularly polarized, wideband arrow-shaped patch antenna working in the <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$27-31 \text{GHz}$</tex> frequency band, designed on a 0.5 mm thick F4B substrate. The patch antenna performed as an excitation source for a Teflon-based DRA, and the combined design yielded a high gain. To further increase the gain, patches are stacked on the DRA. The simulation results show a gain enhancement of 2.2 dBi with the patch-fed DRA and an additional gain enhancement of 4.1 dBi with the stacked patch array at 29 GHz. The radiation pattern is bore-sighted and unidirectional in both the <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathrm{E}$</tex> and <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathrm{H}$</tex> planes, with a peak gain of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\text{1 2. 4 ~ d B i}$</tex> and a low sidelobe level ranging from <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\text{- 1 2. 3}$</tex> to -14.7 dB. This hybrid design shows advantages in terms of gain, efficiency (%), and polarization performance, making it suitable for high-frequency satellite communication.