Expression of immune checkpoints (IDO and PD-L1) in oral tongue cancer patients: a 10-year retrospective cohort study in Pakistan
Chemotherapy appears to upregulate IDO and PD-L1 expressions in TSCC, highlighting the potential for integrating immunotherapy into treatment regimens. Further studies are needed to explore the dynamics of these biomarkers over time and their impact on patient outcomes, emphasizing the need for comprehensive therapeutic strategies.
Authors
- Muhammad Jawad Hassan
- Shaarif Bashir (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6942-9046)
- Ali Sheikh
- Asim V. Farooq (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4309-3353)
- Alamgeer Umme Habiba Hasan
- Asif Loya (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2716-5027)
- Muhammad Tahseen
- Munazza Fatima (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1005-9001)
- Kashif Asghar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6855-5008)
- Muhammad Abu Bakar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9387-6287)
- Umer Sheikh (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6305-2252)
- Muhammad Faisal (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6564-0410)
- Syed Atif Raza
Institutions
- University of the Punjab (PK)
- Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Center (PK)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Frontiers in Oncology
- Published
- 2025-08-12
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2025.1495722
- Citations
- 1
- Primary Topic
- Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 1.05