Research on the Impact of Dynamic Characteristics of Photovoltaic Grid-Connected Systems on Power Metering

The rapid development of photovoltaic (PV) grid-connection poses new challenges to the accuracy of power metering. This study investigates the influence of dynamic characteristics of PV grid-connected systems on power metering. Firstly, a 200 kW distributed PV grid-connected system simulation model based on maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control is established. Subsequently, the dynamic characteristics of the PV grid-connected system under environmental fluctuations and their effects on the distribution network system are analyzed using the simulation model. Finally, the impact of environmental fluctuations on final power metering is then evaluated. The results demonstrate that: (1) Variations in light intensity cause fluctuations in the output power and grid-connection point voltage of the PV system, with maximum fluctuation amplitudes of 80% and 2.4%, respectively; (2) Compared to scenarios ignoring system dynamics, the maximum metering error at the grid-connection point under environmental fluctuations reaches 3.698%. This research provides theoretical support for precise power metering in high-penetration PV scenarios.