Epidemiology of Ventricular Rhythm Disorders in the Cardiology Department of the Ignace Deen Hospital in Conakry

Introduction: Ventricular rhythm disorders are frequent and constitute a major cause of mortality. They can occur in a healthy heart or one affected by organic cardiac pathology. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiological aspects of ventricular rhythm disorders in the cardiology department of the Ignace Deen Hospital in Conakry. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study covering a period of two (02) years, from January 1, 2022 to December 31, 2023, relating to hospitalized patient files in the cardiology department for ventricular rhythm disorders. Our study variables were quantitative and qualitative. Results: During our study, 1300 patients were admitted, including 17 cases of ventricular rhythm disorders or a frequency of 1.31%. The mean age of the patients was 72.3 ± 13.8 years; male gender was the most represented with a sex ratio of 1.15; the most frequent modifiable cardiovascular risk factors were high blood pressure (59%) and diabetes (24%). Functional signs were dominated by palpitations (76%). Isolated ventricular extrasystoles (VES) were the most frequent type of rhythm disorder on electrocardiogram (52.9%); sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) was present in 23.52% of patients; treatment of the rhythm disorder was dominated by membrane stabilizers (magnesium) and antiarrhythmics (70.5% and 41.18% respectively). The evolution was favorable in 94.12% of patients. Conclusion: Our study highlights the importance of ventricular rhythm disorders in Guinean cardiological environment, particularly in elderly patients and those with cardiovascular risk factors such as high blood pressure (HBP) and diabetes.