Environmental Impact Of Noise Pollution In Urban Metro Systems: A Case Study Of Pune Metro

In India, urban metro systems are being adopted more and more as effective solutions for the problems associated with urban mobility. However, further research is need to fully understand the environmental externalities connected to these systems, especially noise pollution. This study examines the effects of noise pollution on the environment in the Pune Metro, a recently opened urban transportation system, with an emphasis on finding effective mitigation techniques. The study determines the main sources of noise, such as wheel-rail interaction, braking systems, and station announcements, by conducting on-site noise level monitoring at a few stations and along track segments. Particularly at peak hours and in densely populated areas, noise levels at a number of locations were found to surpass the limits set by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB). The study assesses both proposed and existing mitigation techniques in order to address these problems. To reduce noise, technical solutions including sound-absorbing tunnel linings, sturdy wheels, and track dampers have been explored. Additionally, there is potential for architectural interventions such as the construction of quieter public address systems and the placement of acoustic panels in stations. Regular noise monitoring, integration of noise control into metro planning guidelines, and launching public awareness campaigns to reduce behavioral noise are some policy-level options. The study comes to the conclusion that reducing the negative effects of metro-related noise pollution on the environment and human health requires an integrated strategy that combines engineering innovation, law enforcement, and community involvement. This case study of the Pune Metro contributes practical insights for other emerging metro systems across developing urban regions.