Non-Destructive Methods for Predicting Soil Chemical Characteristics: A Narrative Literature Review

This study presents a comprehensive review of non-destructive methods for predicting soil chemical characteristics, addressing the growing need for sustainable and efficient soil analysis techniques in agricultural and environmental management. Traditional destructive soil sampling methods, while standardized, present limitations in terms of ecological disruption and spatial representation. The review examines emerging non-destructive technologies, including visible and near-infrared spectroscopy, remote sensing, and geophysical methods, evaluating their effectiveness in assessing key soil parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity, cation exchange capacity, and nutrient content. The analysis encompasses recent technological advancements, practical applications, and the integration of these methods into sustainable agricultural frameworks. Findings indicate that non-destructive techniques offer promising alternatives for rapid, continuous soil monitoring while preserving soil structure integrity. This research contributes to the development of more efficient and environmentally conscious approaches to soil analysis, supporting informed decision-making in agricultural practices and land management.