Slope stability analysis in weak rock formations: Engineering implications and risk mitigation

Slope stability in weak rock formations is critical due to low strength, weathering susceptibility and complex geology. Hhydrogeological conditions, geomechanical properties, climate-induced dynamic loads. Analytical methods like limit equilibrium, finite element modeling and probabilistic approaches address creep, swelling and progressive failure. Risks encompass infrastructure damage, environmental harm and economic losses. Mitigation involves stabilization, real-time monitoring, and case-specific interventions. Emerging tools like AI, remote sensing and drones enhance predictive capabilities and early warnings. Challenges persist in characterizing time-dependent behaviors material properties. Interdisciplinary collaboration, sustainable practices, robust regulations are essential to address gaps and leverage innovation, ensuring safety amid climatic, anthropogenic pressures.