A Clinical Profile of Pancytopenia in Person Who Consumes Alcohol

Introduction: Pancytopenia refers to a reduction in all three major blood cell lines—red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), and platelets. Chronic alcohol consumption is a potential but often overlooked cause, due to its direct bone marrow toxicity and association with nutritional deficiencies. The aim is to enhance understanding of the clinical profile in this subset of patients, which could aid in earlier recognition and tailored intervention. Aim/Objectives: To assess the clinical and hematologic profile of pancytopenia among individuals who consume alcohol. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 100 patients with a history of alcohol intake and diagnosed with pancytopenia. Clinical symptoms, dietary habits, and hematologic parameters were evaluated. Peripheral smear and bone marrow findings were analysed. Results: Of the 100 patients, 92% were male. The majority were aged 30–40 years. Fatigue and dyspnoea were the most common presenting complaints. Peripheral smear revealed macrocytes, elongated cells, teardrop cells, both microcytes and macrocytes. Bone marrow examination revealed features such as hypocellularity, erythroid hyperplasia, and megaloblastic changes. A statistically significant difference in platelet count was noted across age groups (p = 0.020). Conclusion: Alcohol-induced pancytopenia is a clinically relevant condition, especially in young adult males. Recognition of alcohol consumption as a potential cause is essential for timely diagnosis and management. Macrocytic anaemia and dimorphic marrow findings are characteristic in this population.