Integration of Digital Health Surveillance Systems in Enhancing National Health Security

Background: The integration of digital health surveillance systems has emerged as a critical tool for enhancing national health security, particularly in addressing global health threats such as infectious diseases and antimicrobial resistance. These systems enable real-time data collection, analysis, and dissemination, improving early detection and response capabilities. Despite their potential, challenges like funding constraints, technical expertise gaps, and data privacy concerns hinder widespread adoption. Methods: This study employed a quantitative, cross-sectional design involving 200 purposively sampled professionals in public health, epidemiology, health informatics, and policymaking. Data were collected via a structured questionnaire, validated for content and reliability (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.88), and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS. Ethical approval was secured, and participant confidentiality was maintained. Results: Findings revealed that only 28% of institutions had fully integrated digital surveillance systems, while 49% reported partial integration. Perceived effectiveness was high (31%) or moderate (47%), with key benefits including improved stakeholder communication (71%) and interagency data sharing (63%). Major challenges included lack of funding (66%), insufficient technical expertise (55%), and poor infrastructure (49%). Conclusion: Digital health surveillance systems significantly enhance national health security by enabling timely disease detection and coordinated responses. However, their full potential requires addressing systemic barriers, investing in infrastructure, and ensuring ethical governance. Future strategies should prioritize interoperability, capacity building, and public trust to sustain advancements in health security.