Impact assessment of central line- and noncentral line-associated bloodstream infection in intensive care unit settings: insights from an infection control study in a hospital in Tripura, Northeast India

Abstract Background High rates of morbidity and death, especially in critically sick patients, are caused by bloodstream infections (BSIs), which are potentially fatal illnesses that are commonly observed in intensive care units (ICUs). The epidemiology of clinical sepsis was investigated in this study, which focused on the prevalence and patterns of antibiotic susceptibility of pathogenic organisms in a tertiary care hospital in Tripura. The results are intended to help physicians enhance their approaches to therapy and lessen problems associated with BSI. Methods The AGMC and GBP hospitals in four intensive care units served as the study sites. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) recommendations were followed for enrolling patients. To identify pathogens, blood samples were obtained aseptically and processed via the aerobic blood culture technique. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed to determine how effective available antibiotics are for the organism. Results Ninety-one BSI cases were found among 250 patients. There were 57% female patients and 43% male patients. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common cause of noncentral line-associated bloodstream infection (non-CLABSI) patients, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae . Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the predominant pathogen in central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) patients. The mortality rate for K. pneumoniae infections was much greater. However, non-CLABSI patients demonstrated better outcomes and higher release rates. Meropenem and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole had remarkable efficacy against a variety of infections, according to antibiotic susceptibility testing; however, notable resistance to ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, and cefotaxime was noted. Conclusions This study emphasizes the severe burden of BSIs in intensive care unit (ICU) settings and the need for quick diagnosis and tailored antibiotic treatment. These findings call for strong infection control measures and a commitment to antibiotic stewardship programs to enhance clinical outcomes and prevent the spread of antibiotic resistance. These findings are important for designing appropriate treatment regimens and ensuring the future of healthcare systems in controlling serious illnesses.