Sex-specific predation preferences of the generalist predator, <i>Geocoris punctipes</i> , regarding the mobility, developmental stage, and coloration of <i>Myzus persicae</i> prey

Abstract Background: Predatory insects exhibit variability in prey selection, influenced by prey traits such as mobility, developmental stage, and coloration. Investigating sex-specific predation preferences is essential to understanding how male and female predators utilize resources differently, avoid competition, and influence population dynamics. These insights can enhance pest control by optimizing sex ratios in inundative releases to target specific prey traits, such as mobility or stage. This study investigates the predation preferences of male and female Geocoris punctipes Say (Hemiptera: Geocoridae) on Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) aphids, focusing on prey mobility, stage, and coloration, using chili plants. Results: Female and male G. punctipes significantly preferred mobile prey over immobile prey. While females did not show a specific preference for any developmental stage of prey, males significantly preferred adult aphids. Females consumed substantially more light-colored prey, whereas males displayed a preference for dark-colored aphids. Conclusions: Prey mobility is a universally preferred trait for male and female G. punctipes . However, the different preferences of male and female G. punctipes for prey based on developmental stage and coloration reflect sex-specific predation strategies. Therefore, adjusting predator sex ratios during controlled releases could improve the efficacy of pest management strategies. Further research is needed to validate these sex-specific predation strategies under greenhouse conditions and assess their practical applications to improve biological control programs.