Key technologies for reducing faults in medium-voltage distribution lines

Abstract This paper constructs a fault prevention and control system for distribution networks by integrating multi-source data perception and intelligent algorithms. Through refined modeling and optimization using wavelet transforms, the positioning error is stably controlled within 200 meters. By combining the advantages of LSTM and BP algorithms, the prediction accuracy reaches 92.3%. Based on the principle of optical backscattering, the system enables real-time monitoring of line temperature for fault warnings. The paper also explains the fast isolation technology of solid-state circuit breakers, which can cut off fault lines within 85 milliseconds in coordination with monitoring devices. Simulation results using PSCAD/EMTDC and pilot tests in Guangdong demonstrate that this system significantly reduces medium-voltage line fault rates by 37.6%, improving power supply reliability.