Performance comparative analysis of shot blasters based on gas-solid coupling

Abstract The shot blasting machine is a critical piece of equipment in the shot peening process, where the blades serve as the direct support structure for the abrasive particles. The shape of the blades plays a key role in the efficiency of shot blasting cleaning and strengthening. In this study, 3D models of linear and forward curved blades in shot blasting machines were developed, and numerical simulations were performed using a CFD-DEM coupling approach. The effects of wheel speed on the velocity of the shot particles and the flow field dynamics were compared and analyzed for both types of shot blasting machines. The results indicate that as the wheel speed increases, the shot velocity for both types of machines also increases. At a wheel speed of 3000 rpm, the shot velocity on forward curved blade was found to be 17.4% higher than that on linear blade. Additionally, compared to the linear blade, the shot blaster with the forward curved blade exhibits more stable gas flow and more consistent particle behavior. These findings offer a theoretical foundation and engineering insights for the optimization design of shot blasting machines in future applications.