Sustainable Strategies for Domestic Wastewater Management and Land Use Regulation in Riparian Areas: Approaches for Environmental Sustainability

This study aims to analyze the influence of domestic wastewater management and space utilization control on pest prevalence in river-equivalent areas in Lalat Regency. The primary issue identified is the low effectiveness of environmental management in the area, which is exacerbated by an increase in domestic activities and weaknesses in spatial planning. The study adopts a quantitative approach using multiple linear regression methods. Primary data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 200 respondents, while secondary data were obtained via documentation studies and field observations. The analysis results indicate that, collectively, the five independent variables—environmental management, space availability, community participation, government supervision, and environmental infrastructure—have a significant effect on the pest habitat in the area (p = 0.046). However, when analyzed individually, only two variables showed significant effects: waste management (p = 0.016) and community participation (p = 0.042). The coefficient of determination (R²) value of 7.5% suggests that other external factors, beyond the studied variables, also influence the region's outcomes. The findings emphasize the critical need to improve the household waste management system, particularly through the construction of communal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and the enhancement of household septic tank quality. Furthermore, the study highlights the importance of community empowerment by establishing environmental forums and promoting sustainable sanitation education. These efforts are necessary to support better spatial control and address the issue of poverty in the region. Improved waste management and increased community involvement are vital steps in mitigating pest issues and enhancing the overall environmental quality of Lalat Regency’s river-equivalent areas. The study calls for a more integrated approach to environmental and spatial management to ensure long-term sustainability.