How to Promote the Link between Basic Research and Application<?A3B2 pi6?>——Policy Ideas and Practices of U.S. National Science Foundation

Promoting the connection between basic research and application is an important issue in current science and technology policies. The National Science Foundation (NSF) of the United States has successful explorations and practices in promoting basic research and applications，which have significant reference and learning value. From the perspective of historical development，this article examines the main policy ideas and measures of NSF in promoting the connection between basic research and application. Research shows that guided by the mission of the NSF，at different stages，the NSF has adopted major policy measures such as priority area guidance，promoting transformative research，major issue traction，and linking discovery and innovation in promoting the connection between basic research and application. Its core elements include：focusing on important scientific fields and scientific issues; attach importance to the integration of disciplines; attach importance to establishing cooperation and partnerships with stakeholders. This article puts forward policy suggestions for promoting the connection between basic research and application in China in the future：Establish a special project of “Basic Research Oriented to Major Demands”; aim in advance at the future development layout of science and technology; promoting interdisciplinary integration driven by major issues; strengthen cooperation with the industrial sector; deal with global challenges ，improve the funding model and funding mechanism.