Distributed Secondary Control for Enhanced Stability in Islanded Microgrids: An application of Multi-Agent Systems

Islanded Microgrids which have the capability to work without being connected to the main grid are in high demand in order to provide electric supply in remote and off-grid areas. One of the main challenges which is faced by these systems is efficient power sharing and maintaining stable frequency and voltage among multiple distributed generation units. Various traditional methods have been used to solve this but they too face challenges like imbalanced power, system instability and dynamic operational scenarios. In order to address these challenges, a Distributed Secondary Control Multi-Agent System (DSC-MAS) has been proposed which uses decentralized control in order to optimize active and reactive power sharing capability among multiple DGs. When evaluated against other two models, this proposed model significantly outperformed in terms of voltage and frequency deviation and power sharing. It ensured better stability and balanced power sharing specifically under dynamic scenarios like fluctuating loads. DSC-MAS offers a robust solution for managing island microgrids thus, enabling more efficient and reliable grid operations along with integration with renewable energy sources.