Eosinophil-derived neurotoxin in the one to three-month-old infants as a biomarker for screening children with risk of atopic dermatitis development

Purpose. To evaluate prognostic significance of the urine eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (uEoDN) as a screening biomarker for identifying persons at risk of developing atopic dermatitis (AD) in the first two years of life and to determine the factors which influence uEoDN levels in 1- to 3-months-old infants. Methods. 198 mother-child dyads were recruited for the prospective cohort study. IgE, IgA, IL-4, 5, 6, 10, 25; TSLP, TGFβ1 and β2, IFN-γ levels were measured in cord blood and breast milk by ELISA as well as urine EDN concentration (uEDN, µg/mmol creatinine). Results. Infants exposed to higher concentrations of IL-4, IL-5, TSLP, IFN-γ, IgE and lower concentrations of TGFβ1 and β2, sIgA via umbilical cord blood and breast milk (for all cases < 0.05) had higher uEoN. uEDN levels in 3-month-old infant who was diagnosed with AD in their catamnesis (25,3 [13,5; 46,9] mg/mmol Cr) were higher (p=0.009) than in children without AD in catamnesis (17,5 [6,4; 33,7]). uEDN excretion below 10,5 µg/mmol Cr in 3-month-old infant is associated with low likelihood of developing AD in the first two years of life, probability of error is 10.17% (sensitivity 85,4%, specificity 38,4%, PNV 89,83%).